The result is expected to be a multipolar world entailing the formation of new alliances whose birth pains will range from serious diplomatic spats to direct confrontation that will force TNCs to change their business models from their current structure of accumulation to the restoration of human dignity. It is conjectured that geopolitical instability will intensify as global health, economic and environmental sustainability weakens.
However, the unsustainable arrangements to exploit the resources in developing economies through new smokescreen methods will continue as a permanent feature of capitalism. Globalisolationism is therefore a new restructuring of the unjust distribution of wealth and how justice is accorded and truth is valued to responsibly offer sustainable coexistence for all concerned and not for a few.
This paper concludes that the simultaneous birth of several new scientific, technological, geopolitical and environmental phenomena indicate fundamental changes in the existing power structure in the governance of globalization. This imposes limits on other nations through protectionism while pursuing neo-imperial agenda through corporations Boussebaa and Morgan None of the above will occur organically at their molecular level.
In globalisolationism, those who succumb will be captured, and those who resist will be isolated. Every socio-economic and geopolitical dispensation and the available tools help differently to define the resistance to the status quo; they do not exist ex nihilo. In our case, modern communication technologies that are capable of disrupting the established views with fake news or fact-based antithesis in the era of post-truth are used as tools of emancipation and decolonizing from designed unsustainability Smith There is rising poverty and economic insecurity in the West as well in the aftermath of the economic crisis DW For example, there are several self-appointed and anointed doomsday environmental crusaders of global ecological catastrophe in the form of NGOs.
And there are others who partner with firms in attempt to bring about change. Yet, the fact that certain environmental problems are self-evident does not mean that we are relieved from seeking fresh evidence and questioning existing answers. Research must seek answers from different angles beyond the heretofore exposed globalisolationism.
The global South seeks to no longer depend on promises and external projections. They however seek to fix domestically unique challenges as the foundation for building prosperity without external interference.
While countries look inwards first in order to prosper through labour and production, it is noteworthy that several exogenous shocks cannot be fought against singlehandedly. Some nations pursue the path of isolationism from environmental pacts partly because some TNCs want to subtract themselves from the herculean task of taking responsibility for the negative effects of globalization. What will the new rules of engagement be for nations and TNCs in resolving e.
How will the modalities for sustainable FDI restore human dignity under globalisolationism? Aaron, Kiikpoye K. Placebo as medicine: The poverty of development intervention and conflict resolution strategies in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria.
Nigeria: Kemuela Publications. Google Scholar. Acosta, Alberto. Extractivism and neoextractivism: two sides of the same curse. In Beyond development: alternative visions from Latin America , eds. Miriam Lang, and Dunia Mokrani. Adler, Paul S. Article Google Scholar.
Ahen, Frederick. Bow down all 7 billion: The compressed spheres of global governance. Foresight 17 2 : — Strategic corporate responsibility orientation for sustainable global health governance: Pharmaceutical value co-protection in transitioning economies.
Doctoral thesis, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. Responsibilization and MNC—stakeholder engagement: Who engages whom in the pharmaceutical industry? Ahen, Frederick, and Peter Zettinig. Critical perspectives on strategic CSR: What is sustainable value co-creation orientation? Critical Perspectives on International Business 11 1 : 92— What is the biggest question in CSR research?
Foresight 17 3 : — Alam, M. Poverty from the wealth of nations: Integration and polarization in the global economy since New York: Palgrave MacMillan. Book Google Scholar. American Horse, Iyuskin. We are protectors, not protesters': Why I'm fighting the North Dakota pipeline. The Guardian. Accessed 19 Oct Anderson, Benedict. Imagined communities: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism.
New York, London: Verso Books. Ayres, Christopher J. The international trade in conflict minerals: Coltan. Critical Perspectives on International Business 8 2 : — Bakan, Joel. The corporation: The pathological pursuit of profit and power. New York: Free Press. Banerjee, Subhabrata Bobby. Whose land is it anyway? National interest, indigenous stakeholders, and colonial discourses: The case of the Jabiluka uranium mine.
Voices of the governed: Towards a theory of the translocal. Organization 18 3 : — Banerjee, Subhabrata Bobby, Vanessa C. Chio, and Raza Mir. Organizations, markets and imperial formations: Towards an anthropology of globalization.
Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing. Banks, Glenn. Asia Pacific Viewpoint 49 1 : 23— Basso, Francesca. Il protezionismo? Corriere della Sera. Accessed 15 Nov Bauman, Zygmunt.
Globalization: The human consequences. Cambridge: Polity. Society under siege. Cambridge: Polity Press. Blakkarly, Jarni. Australia day, a day of mourning for aboriginals. Accessed 30 Nov Bougrine, Hassan. Oil: Profits of the chain keepers. International Journal of Political Economy 35 2 : 35— Boussebaa, Mehdi, and Glenn Morgan.
Pushing the frontiers of critical international business studies: The multinational as a neo-imperial space. Boyer, Robert, and J. Rogers Hollingsworth. From national embeddedness to spatial and institutional nestedness. In Contemporary capitalism: The embeddedness of institutions , ed. Rogers Hollingsworth and Robert Boyer, — Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Chapter Google Scholar. Carlson, Nicholas. Back in , the CIA made these predictions for Business Insider Singapore.
Accessed 5 July Castle, Stephen. The New York Times. Chomsky, Noam. Who rules the world? New York: Metropolitan Books. Cipolla, Carlo M. Storia economica dell'Europa pre-industriale. Nuova Aufl. Bologna: Il Mulino. Flint water crisis fast facts. Accessed 28 Nov Contractor, Farok J. Tax avoidance by multinational companies: Methods, policies, and ethics. AIB Insights 16 2 : 10— Cossar-Gilbert, Sam. Bad trade deals must be stopped. Accessed 16 Sep Coughlan, Sean.
What does post-truth mean for a philosopher? BBC News. Curtis, Mark, and Tom Jones. Honest Accounts How the world profits from Africa's wealth. Accessed 22 Sep Davies-Venn, Michael. Merkel promises to listen to the cold wind from the east. Social Europe. Accessed 6 Oct Dearden, Nick. Africa is not poor, we are stealing its wealth: it's time to change the way we talk and think about Africa AlJazeera.
Accessed 25 May Doh, Jonathan P. Reassessing risk in developing country infrastructure. Long Range Planning 36 4 : — Durden, Tyler. Information Clearing House. Accessed 21 April Accessed 20 Nov Easterly, William.
The tyranny of experts: Economists, dictators, and the forgotten rights of the poor. New York: Basic Books. Eden, Lorraine, and Fen Osler Hampson. Clubs are trump: The formation of international regimes in the absence of a hegemon. Environmental Justice Atlas. Accessed 7 Jan Ek, Richard. The tourist camp: All-inclusive tourism, hedonism and biopolitics. In Privileged mobilities: Tourism as world ordering , ed. Mekonnen Tesfahuney and Katarina Schough, 47— Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
Ekiert, Grzegorz. OP How to deal with Poland and Hungary. Social Europe Occasional Paper No: 13 :1— Evans, Damon. China sees new world order with oil benchmark backed by gold.
Nikkei Asian Review. Accessed 12 Dec Fotaki, Marianna, and Ajnesh Prasad. Questioning neoliberal capitalism and economic inequality in business schools. Freeman, R. Strategic management: A stakeholder approach.
Boston: Pitman. Freire, Paulo. Pedagogy of the oppressed. The environment and health conditions in many Third World countries has also been adversely affected by import liberalisation, promoted through SAP as well as through the trade measures of the US administration through its Super and Section laws and GATT. For instance, there has been a significant increase in the incidence of smoking in several Asian countries that were compelled to facilitate the increased importation of cigarettes.
Import liberalisation has also resulted in the proliferation of modern consumer products aimed initially at the higher-income groups that have benefited from SAPs which promote environmentally unsustainable consumption patterns.
There is a danger these imported and well-advertised products may replace and displace more socially appropriate and environmentally friendly local products, including those now used by ordinary people. According to UNRISD , the effectiveness of policy responses to environmental degradation is often curtailed by adjustment: 'In general terms, there are three main variants of environmental policy approaches; conservationism, primary environmental care and environmental economics.
The potential of all of these to alleviate environmental problems has been limited by the economic and social changes that have accompanied economic restructuring. Conservation programmes and environmental protection agencies are also most vulnerable to government spending cuts.
Also, SAPs undermine the potential for community-based action and weakens the capacity of communities to adapt to changing ecological conditions, thus reducing the possibility of implementing the community-based 'primary environmental care' approach. The environmental effects of trade and trade liberalisation in the transfer of inappropriate technologies, production methods and consumption patterns has been examined in Khor The view that 'free trade' is the best route to environmental protection because it generates wealth to pay for protection measures ignores the role that trade liberalisation plays in facilitating resource depletion and unsustainable production and consumption patterns.
The present pattern of trade has in fact helped accelerate environmental degradation worldwide. Investment liberalisation, without corresponding tightening of regulation but instead accompanied by further deregulation, can be predicted to accelerate the process further.
The higher flows of FDI in recent years to developing countries is increasing the tempo of ecologically-damaging activities.
The proposed multilateral agreement on investment developed in the OECD and similar moves in the WTO to liberalise investment rules will have very wide environmental implications, and have raised serious concerns with many environmental groups.
TWR No. TNCs and globalisation: Prime sources of worsening ecological crisis The failure of the Rio Summit to address the crucial issue of transnational corporations TNCs and their culpability for the global ecological crisis was perhaps the Summit's major failing. Globalisation and ecological deterioration If the post-UNCED processes have failed to resolve the development and social aspects of sustainable development, the record in relation to the environment is also very disappointing.
They often have factories in countries that are not as economically developed to take advantage of cheaper labour. When a TNC locates within a country, there are advantages and disadvantages.
Advantages of TNCs locating in a country include:. Disadvantages of TNCs locating in a country include:. Transnational corporations are among the world's biggest economic institutions. Explore Blog Reference library Collections Shop. Share: Facebook Twitter Email Print page.
Here are some examples of major transnational corporations from leading emerging market countries: Sinopec Group - China Petrochemical Corporation is a petroleum and petrochemical company operating in China and abroad.
China Mobile is in the top ten consumer brands in the world China National Petroleum was ranked 4th in the Fortune index in Alibaba has expanded to be the biggest global online retailer. It is known as the Amazon of China!
0コメント