For most children, infection with slapped cheek disease initially causes little more than cold symptoms. These generally improve after a few days, when the rash starts to show. Most people with slapped cheek infection need little if any treatment. Rest and pain-relieving medication such as paracetamol may help. The infection can be more serious for pregnant women. Rarely, if a pregnant woman gets this infection, there can be serious consequences to her unborn child, including miscarriage.
Most unborn babies are not affected, even when they get this infection. As these cold-like symptoms start to improve, the rash on the face appears.
This rash is bright red, 'lacy' with patches of normal coloured skin within the red areas and often itchy. The person may also develop a pink blotchy rash on the limbs or torso after a few days. Many people up to 20 per cent do not have any symptoms at all when they have the infection. Arthritis-like symptoms, such as swollen ankle, knee and wrist joints, are common for teenagers and adults with slapped cheek disease.
This complication is more common in female teenagers and adults, and is sometimes the only symptom of infection. Normally, it takes around two to four weeks for the joints to get better. However, in some people, the swelling can last for months. Unlike true arthritis, there is no danger of permanent damage, even if the joints are affected for a long time.
Parvovirus is a virus that lives in red blood cells. It can only infect humans and is different from dog or cat parvoviruses. Children between the ages of five and 15 years are prone to contracting the disease. Look at other rashes in babies and children. Tell your midwife or a GP if you're pregnant or have a weakened immune system and have been near someone with slapped cheek syndrome.
These can be signs of severe anaemia and you might be sent to hospital for a blood transfusion. It's hard to avoid spreading slapped cheek syndrome because most people do not know they have it until they get the rash. Slapped cheek syndrome is caused by a virus parvovirus B The virus spreads to other people, surfaces or objects by coughing or sneezing near them. After another few days, a light pink rash may also appear on the chest, stomach, arms and thighs. This often has a raised, lace-like appearance and may be itchy.
The rashes will normally fade within a week or two, although occasionally the body rash may come and go for a few weeks after the infection has passed. This can be triggered by exercise, heat, anxiety or stress.
You don't usually need to see your GP if you think you or your child has slapped cheek syndrome, as the condition normally gets better on its own. However, you should contact your GP, call the service or contact your local out-of-hours service if you have been exposed to anyone with slapped cheek or you have symptoms of the infection and:. In these cases, a blood test may be carried out to see if you're immune to the infection.
If you're not immune, you'll be monitored carefully to check for any problems. If you develop severe anaemia, it's likely that you'll need to be admitted to hospital and have a blood transfusion to replace your damaged blood cells. It's a good idea to notify your child's school about the infection, so children who develop early symptoms can be spotted quickly and vulnerable people can be made aware that they may need to get medical advice.
Slapped cheek syndrome is caused by a virus called parvovirus B This is found in the droplets in the coughs and sneezes of someone with the infection. The virus is spread in a similar way to colds and flu. There are dog and cat versions of the virus, called canine parvovirus and feline panleukopenia virus, but parvovirus B19 only infects humans. A human cannot catch fifth disease from an animal, and an animal cannot catch it from a human.
Once the rash appears, the person is no longer contagious. They can spend time with other people and they will not transmit the disease. Although parvovirus mostly infects elementary-aged schoolchildren during the winter and spring months, people of any age may be affected.
Signs and symptoms of erythema infectiosum tend to be easy to detect , so diagnosis is normally straightforward. It is sometimes confused with scarlet fever, but the rash is different. Around 50 percent of all adults are immune to parvovirus infections, probably because they experienced infection during childhood, even if it went unnoticed.
Results show the patient is immune : no further action is required, as reinfection is not possible. Results show a recent parvovirus infection : further tests may be ordered to find out whether any complications, for example, anemia, require treatment.
Results show a pregnant woman is infected : additional tests, including an ultrasound scan and further blood tests, will monitor the developing fetus for complications. Pruritis : antihistamines may help if there is severe itching of the skin.
Headache, fevers, and cold-like symptoms : the doctor may suggest Tylenol paracetamol or ibuprofen. Younger children can take painkillers in liquid form. It is important to check dosages and frequency of use with a qualified pharmacist, a doctor, or by reading the public information leaflet PIL in the package.
Joint pains and swelling : the doctor may advise rest and prescribe an anti-inflammatory drug, such as ibuprofen. In most cases, there are no long-term consequences, and the pain resolves within a few days or weeks. Drink and rest : drinking plenty of fluids, especially water, and getting enough rest can ease symptoms and speed up recovery. Weakened immune system : patients may be hospitalized and antibodies provided through a blood transfusion.
Pregnancy : the doctor will carefully monitor the fetus. If there are signs of anemia, CHF, or edema , blood transfusions may be given. This will reduce the risk of miscarriage.
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